Review for First Half of Geography 258

The lecture outlines from lectures 02 to 12 are the most complete guide...

Overall Objectives:

• Pulling apart Geographic Information as represented on maps
• Forms of Geographic Data (and maps)
• Kinds of Attributes and how to represent them
• Geometric relationships and how to extract them

List of lab procedures:

• Lab 1: interactive street maps and traffic reporting online
• Lab 2: Map Library: different map types (topographic, thematic; levels of measurement)
• Lab 3: Imagery
• Lab 4: Landforms (and slope estimates)
• Lab 5: Projections

Forms of Geographic Data

• Surfaces
• Objects (features)

Kinds of Attributes (lecture 3)

• nominal
• ordinal
• interval, ratio (continuous numbers)

How to represent them (lecture 4)

• Size
• Shape
• Color (Hue, Brightness (Dark-Light), intensity)
• Pattern (texture, orientation, spacing...)

Special case of surfaces and landforms (Contours, and elevation matrices)

Geometric Relationships

How to locate yourself on the Earth

• geographic coordinates (latitude, longitude)
• other referencing systems

Relationships

• distance, direction, area...
• surface measurement: slope (gradient and aspect)

Version of 2 February 2000